Phospholipase A2 (PLA2) is a group of enzymes that hydrolyze the sn-2 ester bond of phospholipids to release fatty acids and lysophospholipids. These enzymes are involved in various physiological processes, such as inflammation, immune response, cell signaling, and membrane homeostasis. Dysregulation of PLA2 activity has been implicated in various diseases, including cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and neurological disorders. Research in this area focuses on understanding the biochemical and physiological roles of different PLA2 isoforms, their regulation, and their potential as therapeutic targets for various diseases. Studies also aim to develop inhibitors or modulators of PLA2 activity for potential therapeutic interventions.